Do uso instrumental à abordagem epistêmica: repensando a tecnologia por meio das ciências da aprendizagem
Repensar la tecnología desde las ciencias del aprendizaje
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35305/revistairice.vi49.2066Palavras-chave:
Alfabetização digital, Ciências da aprendizagem, Pensamento computacional, Psicologia do desenvolvimento, STEMResumo
Este artigo reflete sobre o uso da tecnologia digital na aprendizagem, particularmente em contextos educacionais de STEM, propondo uma distinção conceitual entre dois modos de uso: instrumental e epistêmico. Essas categorias permitem uma análise crítica de como certas formas de integração tecnológica têm limitado seu potencial educativo ao priorizar a operação técnica em detrimento da compreensão conceitual. A abordagem instrumental — focada na ferramenta como um fim em si mesma — prevaleceu em várias iniciativas de educação computacional, levando a uma visão reducionista da tecnologia. Em contraste, o uso epistêmico é destacado por seu valor em promover habilidades de pensamento, entendido como uma forma de utilizar a tecnologia para apoiar o desenvolvimento do raciocínio. O artigo argumenta que as ciências da aprendizagem, como um campo interdisciplinar, oferecem uma base teórica robusta para sustentar essa perspectiva. Também enfatiza a necessidade de formação docente que incorpore esses fundamentos, juntamente com o desenvolvimento de aplicações educacionais acessíveis e culturalmente relevantes. O artigo conclui propondo um modelo pedagógico orientado para o pensamento, que vai além do uso superficial da tecnologia e promove um desenvolvimento cognitivo abrangente.
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